Author / In Light Of The Cross

by In Light Of The Cross

Was the Law or the Covenant Given at Sinai Changed at the Cross?

While many people believe that God changed the law or His covenant at the cross, speaking of the covenant in the Old Testament, God told us through David,

My covenant I will not break, Nor alter the word that has gone out of My lips. Psalms 89:34 NKJV

Here God is saying He is not going to change His covenant. So did God change His covenant at the cross? Well let’s look at God’s covenant in the Old Testament. Of course a covenant is a promise. So what were God’s promises?

In Genesis 3:15 God promises a Savior.

And I will put enmity Between you and the woman, And between your seed and her Seed; He shall bruise your head, And you shall bruise His heel. Genesis 3:15 NKJV

Did God change this promise at the cross? Of course not. He fulfilled this promise at the cross.

In Genesis 12:1-3 God promises Abram a Savior, among many things. 

Now the Lord had said to Abram: “Get out of your country, From your family And from your father’s house, To a land that I will show you. I will make you a great nation; I will bless you And make your name great; And you shall be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, And I will curse him who curses you; And in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.” Genesis 12:1-3 NKJV

Were any of these promises done away with at the cross? Not at all. As a matter of fact we read in Galatians,

And if you are Christ’s, then you are Abraham’s seed, and heirs according to the promise. Galatians 3:29 NKJV.

The NLT makes it even more clear at to exactly what this means. 

And now that you belong to Christ, you are the true children of Abraham. You are his heirs, and God’s promise to Abraham belongs to you. Galatians 3;29 NLT 

Instead of God’s covenant to Abraham being changed, it was extended to everyone who believes. 

At Sinai God makes a promise,

You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles’ wings and brought you to Myself. Now therefore, if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, then you shall be a special treasure to Me above all people; for all the earth is Mine. And you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words which you shall speak to the children of Israel.” Exodus 19:4-6 NKJV

In the original manuscripts, the word “obey” is “shama.” It means to listen. The word “keep” is derived from the Hebrew word “shamar.” It means to regard, care for, or treasure. God says, ” Keep my covenant,” and we know that God’s covenant is a promise. How are we supposed to keep God’s promise? We aren’t. God is telling us to listen to His voice and treasure His promise! The word “shamar” is also used in Genesis when Adam was told to shamar the garden, or keep the garden. Was Adam told to obey the garden? No, of course not. He was told to regard, treasure, and care for the garden. In this passage, God instructs His people to treasure His covenant promises, and by doing so, they will become His special people, made holy, preserved from corruption, and a kingdom of priests. Was this promise changed after the cross?

by which have been given to us exceedingly great and precious promises, that through these you may be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust. 2 Peter 1:4 NKJV

But you are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, His own special people, that you may proclaim the praises of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light; 1 Peter 2:9 NKJV

Once again we see that God’s covenant does not change from Old Testament to New Testament. Everything promised in the Old Testament becomes reality in the New Testament – as  long as we trust in His great and precious promises. That’s because God’s covenant given to Adam, Abram and Moses is an eternal covenant as expressed in Psalm 89:34. This is why Monday’s lesson of last week brought out that the “New” Covenant was actually a renewing of the everlasting covenant God originally gave to Adam, Abram and Moses.

When God spoke of a “new” covenant in Jeremiah 31, He used the word, “hadashah,” which means to renew. Abram forsook God’s everlasting covenant when he took Hagar as his wife. He stopped trusting God’s promises and covenant and tried working things out on his own. At Sinai instead of trusting God’s promises, Israel started making their own promises, saying, “All that God said we will do.” (See Exodus 19:8) The Covenant at Sinai was never the problem. God’s Covenant was never intended to be about legalism. The Covenant God made  was all about grace. Hebrews 8:8 says the problem was with the people. They started making their own promises instead of trusting God’s great and precious promises. When people kept trying to make their own promises and work things out on their own, God had to renew the original covenant He made in  Genesis 3:15, which is based on better promises – God’s promises, rather than people’s promises. For more see Better Promises Make a Better Covenant. When Paul speaks of the “old covenant” I believe he means “old” as in “useless.” because our promises are useless. Paul is not referring to the original everlasting covenant as the old covenant. He is referring to the legalistic covenant that man made at Sinai as the old covenant as in useless. Man-made covenants are useless in both Old and New Testaments.

The “New” Covenant of grace is actually the everlasting covenant of grace found all the way through both the Old and New Testaments, beginning in Genesis 3:15. God never changed this covenant. But He renewed this covenant whenever people tried to change covenants by making their own promises. The “New” Covenant is the original everlasting covenant, which  is God making promises to man. The “old” Covenant, which is a useless covenant, is a covenant man made after God made the everlasting Covenant.  When Abram took Hagar, he was making his own legalistic covenant apart from God’s everlasting covenant. The same for the Jews when they promised at Sinai that they themselves would do what God had promised. 

Some have the idea that the law is the Old Covenan, while grace is the New Covenant. However when Paul said, “Therefore by the deeds of the law no flesh will be justified in His sight” in Romans 3:20, Paul was not saying anything new. Paul was stating a truth as everlasting as the original covenant. No one was ever saved by the law before or after the cross. This is showed up in Genesis 3 when Adam and Eve tried to use fig leaves to cover themselves. Their fig leaves proved useless in God’s sight, just like the deeds of the law. In Genesis 3:21 an animal had to die to cover Adam and Eve. This represented Jesus dying on the cross – which is the ratification of the everlasting covenant.

So throughout the Old Testament we see the new or renewed covenant whenever God is promising mankind His grace. Throughout the New Testament we see the renewed or everlasting covenant. Maybe we could clear up a lot of confusion by just calling the New Covenant the Everlasting Covenant, and calling the Old Covenant the “useless covenant.” Remember the New Covenant is the renewing of the original everlasting covenant based on better promises – God’s promises. 

While we have grace in the Everlasting Covenant. we also have the law in the Everlasting Covenant. This is why I really appreciate how Thursday’s lesson of last week brought out how the new covenant was not about new laws, but about a new heart. 

I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; I will take the heart of stone out of your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will keep My judgments and do them. Ezekiel 36:26-27 NKJV

God does not give us new laws. He gives us new hearts that will trust His promises instead of relying on self. God changes our hearts so that we can keep and cherish all the promises God makes for us in His law. In the Ten Commandments God promises He will deliver us from bondage so we won’t need any other gods before us. He promises to fulfil all our temporal and emotional needs so we won’t need to steal or commit adultery. He promises us a weekly Sabbath rest to always remind us to never rely on our own works. 

After all the problem at Sinai was not the law, it was the promises the people were making. Again that is why Paul said the fault was with “them” in Hebrews 8:8. When God renews His Everlasting Covenant we will be keeping the law with all our new hearts.

But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says the Lord: I will put My law in their minds, and write it on their hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people. Jeremiah 31:33 NKJV 

Now in Jeremiah 31:32 God talks about Israel breaking the covenant when He led them out of Egypt. They broke God’s covenant when they went about to establish their own covenant promises. God never asked them to make their own promises. Remember in Exodus 19:4-6 God asks them to cherish His promises. The useless covenant is mankind promising God. The Everlasting and Renewed Everlasting Covenant is God promising man. By God’s Everlasting Promises of grace in both the Old and New Testaments we have salvation from sin, and are given new hearts that can keep or Shamar, cherish the everlasting law. We escape the corruption in the world by cherishing God’s great and everlasting promises. 

by which have been given to us exceedingly great and precious promises, that through these you may be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust. 2 Peter 1:4 NKJV

You may study this week’s Sabbath School lesson here.

by In Light Of The Cross

What was the Problem With Sinai?

Photo by Ahmed zaki on Pexels.com

For these are the two covenants: the one from Mount Sinai, which gives birth to bondage, which is Hagar— Galatians 4:24 NKJV

What did Paul mean by Mount Sinai? Many believe he was referring to the Ten Commandments. Was he? Paul speaks favorably of the Ten Commandments in Ephesians 6, and I doubt he would do so if he really thought they led to bondage. Paul also mentions Hagar. Instead of referring to the Ten Commandments, is Paul referring to a Hagar-like attitude at Sinai?

Hagar represents the man-made covenant or man-made promises. Hagar was not really at fault, and God promised to bless her; however, Abraham used Hagar to try to help him obtain the promised child through the works of his own flesh, rather than trusting God’s promise.

Likewise at Sinai the people promised three times,

“All the Lord has spoken we will do.” Exodus 19:8, 24:3, 24:7.

Their promises are like the “Hagar” mentality. The people were trusting their own promises and works of the flesh, instead of trusting God to work in and through them. When Paul referred to Sinai in Galatians 4:24 instead of the law of the Ten Commandments, he mentions Hagar. In Hebrews, Paul explains that the problem at Sinai was that the people were making their own promises instead of trusting God’s.

For if that first covenant had been faultless, then no place would have been sought for a second. Because finding fault with them, He says: “Behold, the days are coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah— not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they did not continue in My covenant, and I disregarded them, says the Lord. For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says the Lord: I will put My laws in their mind and write them on their hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people. Hebrews 8:7-10 NKJV

Paul promotes the Law and says it is to be written on our hearts. The Law was not the problem at Sinai. The problem, Paul says, is how the people tried to establish the Law. They were depending upon themselves instead of God’s promises. Remember Joshua telling Israel that they could not serve the Lord in Joshua 24:19, but they went on and promised they could anyway?

So Joshua said to the people, “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen the Lord for yourselves, to serve Him.” Joshua 24:22 NKJV

Joshua sees the people are making the same mistake made at Sinai. In Galatians, Paul sees the Galatians making that same mistake. They thought they could earn God’s favor. They thought they could rely on their own promises to keep the Law. By trusting the strength of their own promises, they were making the “Hagar” mistake, just like Abraham. The commandments are good, and while we can’t keep them in the strength of our own promises, what is impossible with us is possible with God. Remember what we read last quarter?

by which have been given to us exceedingly great and precious promises, that through these you may be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust. 2 Peter 1:4 NKJV

Abraham trusted the works of his own flesh with Hagar, instead of trusting God’s promise. The problem at Sinai was that the same Hagar mentality was present. Paul wants the Law written on the Galatians’ hearts as well as our hearts, by trusting God instead of the works of the flesh.

You may study this week’s Sabbath School lesson here.

by In Light Of The Cross

How a Bitter Life is Made Sweet

And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they [were] bitter: therefore the name of it was called Marah. And the people murmured against Moses, saying, What shall we drink? And he cried unto the LORD; and the LORD showed him a tree, [which] when he had cast into the waters, the waters were made sweet: there he made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there he proved them, And said, If thou wilt diligently hearken to the voice of the LORD thy God, and wilt do that which is right in his sight, and wilt give ear to his commandments, and keep all his statutes, I will put none of these diseases upon thee, which I have brought upon the Egyptians: for I [am] the LORD that healeth thee. Exodus 15:23-26 KJV

What was the significance of Moses putting a tree in the water? How did a tree make the water sweet? In 1 Peter 2:24, Peter refers to the cross as a tree.

who Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree, that we, having died to sins, might live for righteousness—by whose stripes you were healed. 1 Peter 2:24 NKJV

In a world of hate and bitterness, Jesus died on a tree to save us from a bitter world. Sin has caused suffering and bitterness but Jesus was lifted up on the cross to make our lives sweet again. This is a story that looks simle in itself, but like many stories of the Exodus, it points us to the cross and the salvation we have in Jesus. 

If life has made you bitter, Jesus is offering living water that can make your life sweet again.

Jesus answered and said to her, “Whoever drinks of this water will thirst again, but whoever drinks of the water that I shall give him will never thirst. But the water that I shall give him will become in him a fountain of water springing up into everlasting life.” John 14:13-14 NKJV

I would like to invite you to find the sweet life through fellowship with Jesus and other believers, by finding a Christ-centered Bible based church in your area. You can find one here.

You may study this week’s Sabbath School lesson here.

by In Light Of The Cross

7:The Bread and Water of Life-Sabbath School Lesson Teaching Plan

Photo by Kseniya Buraya on Pexels.com

Prepared by William Earnhardt, for Sabbath School Class, 16 August 2025.

Main Theme: Along the journey to Canaan, God had to teach Israel over and over to trust and obey.

Read in Class: Exodus 15:22-27. Ask the class to identify the main idea in this passage.

Study: After crossing the Red Sea, what was the background to the first miracle performed?

Apply: What trials and struggles have you brought upon yourself? What comfort can you get in knowing that God will still work on your behalf if you cooperate with Him?

Share: Your friend asks, what was the significance of the branch that made the water sweet? What do you tell your friend? Hint: See A Tree Makes a Bitter Life Sweet Again.

Read in Class: Exodus 16:1-15, 26, 35. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What was the cause of the Israelites’ grumbling, and what followed?

Apply: People like to eat. We were created to like to eat. The rich abundance of food, growing out of the ground (our original diet), reveals not only that God wants us to eat, but that we are to like what we eat, too. How, though, can this wonderful gift, that of food (and our liking to eat it), be abused?

Share: Your friend says that her pastor told her the sabbath was never observed by God’s people until the law was given on Mt. Sinai. What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: Exodus 18:13-18, 21. 25-26. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What major steps in the history of the nation took place here?

Apply: Moses could have just brushed off the old man and told him to mind his own business. He didn’t. What important lessons can we learn from his willingness to listen to this person who wasn’t even a Hebrew?

Share: Your friend, who is the head elder of his church, says he would like to delegate more of his responsibilities to others, but is afraid others may not do as good a job as he does, or may do things totally different from what he is used to. What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: 1 Corinthians 10:11, John 6:31-35, 51. Ask the class to share the main idea of this passage.

Study: What reason does Paul give for these events to have been recorded? What truths are revealed here for us as Christians?

Apply: What symbols in the story of Moses point us to Christ? How do these symbols help us in our relationship with Christ?

Share: Your friend asks you how the story of Moses helps us share the plan of salvation. What do you tell your friend?

by In Light Of The Cross

Three Observations in Exodus 15

As we study this week’s Sabbath School lesson, which also covers Exodus 15:1-21, I found myself pondering three things that the lesson did not cover. 

In Exodus 15:1-18, Moses and all the Israelites are singing a song of celebration about how the Egyptians were defeated. Even singing (celebrating?) how they were drowned in the sea. What would this look like today?

Years ago, a friend from church told me about a neighbor who had been molesting his daughters and beating his wife. He died of a sudden heart attack, and my friend told me that when she went to the funeral, the entire family was sitting there dry-eyed. Not a single tear was shed for this abuser. It wasn’t because they were all cried out either. The family never showed any sorrow over his demise. Should the family have been happy that they were delivered from their abuser, and that, because of his death, he will never abuse again? Should Israel have been singing songs of praise because the Egyptians drowned? 

I believe this is why so many victories of good over evil have to be celebrated privately. Some think we should be “nicer than God” and judge those who are celebrating the victories God gives them over abusive situations because,

  1. Others don’t even have a clue about the abuse going on and may even sympathize with the abuser, and
  2. Some think we should never celebrate the death of anyone, no matter how wicked. 

While it is true that we will not be celebrating the death of the wicked after the thousand years, but rather God will have to wipe the tears from our eyes, there is plenty of biblical support for celebrating the deliverance from evil persons. Let’s consider this passage for a moment. 

O daughter of Babylon, who are to be destroyed, Happy the one who repays you as you have served us!  Happy the one who takes and dashes Your little ones against the rock! Psalm 137:8-9 NKJV

Many find this passage disturbing. It is disturbing, but it has its place. What Babylon has done to Israel will finally come back on Babylon. Israel is not happy to see innocent children killed. However, their innocent women and children were raped and abused by the Babylonians, and God is showing His love by showing He has Israel’s back.

There is no need to create a theology where we are “nicer than God” to the point that we can’t celebrate justice and deliverance from evil. There is no need to create a “god” who does nothing to defend His people, but merely waits for “natural law” to work itself out. Psalm 137:8-9 is simply celebrating the justice of God. A God who takes an active role in defending His people and working out justice is a God of love. We need to know God has our back in order to feel secure in His love. Moses and all Israel could celebrate God’s justice and love when God showed that He had their back and drowned their relentless abusers in the Red Sea. 

It is important for me to share this because too many abuse victims have been made to feel guilty for celebrating their deliverance from narcissistic abuse. Too many abuse victims have had to hold their peace, instead of praising God for His miraculous deliverances from evil, because others would not understand. I know Moses would much rather have seen Pharaoh repent and be converted rather than drowned in the sea. Still, Moses had to celebrate the goodness of God by delivering His people and destroying their cruel abusers once and for all. 

My second observation deals with the song of Moses. In Revelation 15 we find the song of Moses, but this time it is also the song of the Lamb. Let’s take a look.

And I saw something like a sea of glass mingled with fire, and those who have the victory over the beast, over his image and [a]over his mark and over the number of his name, standing on the sea of glass, having harps of God. They sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying: “Great and marvelous are Your works, Lord God Almighty! Just and true are Your ways, O King of the [b]saints! Who shall not fear You, O Lord, and glorify Your name? For You alone are holy. For all nations shall come and worship before You, For Your judgments have been manifested.” Revelation 15:2-4 NKJV 

Here we see another celebration after the victory over spiritual Babylon. God gave Israel victory over Egypt through Moses, and God gave Spiritual Israel victory over the beast through the Lamb. These songs are about experiences, and while Moses and the Lamb both experience victory, they both share another experience. Both were willing to say goodbye to life forever if that is what it took to honor God and save others. Moses did this in Exodus 32:32 when he asked God to blot His name out of the book of life if He could not forgive them. The Lamb, Jesus, experienced this at the cross when He cried out, “My God, My God, why have you forsaken me?“ Matthew 27:46. Jesus had always called God His Father. In My Father’s House are many mansions. I always do those things that please My Father. I and My Father are One. But when Jesus was on the cross being treated the way you and I deserve, so you and I can be treated the way He deserves, Jesus could not call God His Father, so He cried out, “My God, why have you forsaken me.“ Jesus was not asking why God had forsaken Him until Sunday morning. You don’t forsake someone when you leave them for half the weekend. You forsake them when you leave them forever. Obadiah 1:16 says the wicked will be as though they had never been. Jesus was not dying the death of the righteous. We die that first death ourselves. Jesus was tasting the death of the wicked, which meant experiencing being utterly forsaken by God – forever.. 

Amazingly, the entire 144,000 sing the song of Moses and the Lamb. That means they also have the same attitude as Moses and the Lamb. They also would rather die an eternal death than dishonor their heavenly Father. 

My last observation has to do with Miriam. 

Then Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took the timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances. Exodus 15:20 KJV 

There is a notion that God does not have women prophets. Yet Miriam was a prophet, and we know there were others in Scripture as well. Yet with Miriam, there is another observation that needs to be made. I have heard it said that the only reason God picked Ellen White as a prophet was because there were no men available. After all, God called two men who had refused before He chose Ellen. But those were not the only two men left in the world. There were countless other men God could have called before He called young Ellen Harmon. Now I also believe the Bible teaches that the man is the priest of the family, and that there is a grave spiritual responsibility that God has placed upon the man that many men seem to be ignore today. At the same time, God does not call women only when  there are no men available. After all, God was already using Moses and Aaron as prophets, and He still used Miriam at the same time.  God uses men and women together. After all, concerning the day of the Lord, does the prophet Joel not tell us, 

And it shall come to pass afterward That I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh; Your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, Your old men shall dream dreams, Your young men shall see visions. And also on My menservants and on My maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days. Joel 2:28-29 NKJV

While the man is the priest of the family, God also uses women. A grave and solemn responsibility rests upon men that many need to wake up to. Meanwhile, God is using women, not as second-class citizens, but right along with men. 

by In Light Of The Cross

6: Through The Red Sea-Sabbath School Lesson Teaching Plan

Prepared by William Earnhardt, for Sabbath School class, August 9, 2025.

Main Theme: The excellent and miraculous ways God provided for and delivered Israel foreshadow how God will deliver us in the last days, and how He already delivered us from sin at the cross.

Read in Class: Exodus 12:31-36. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What strange request does Pharaoh make and why, even as he gives permission for them all to leave?

Apply: How often have we “repented” of actions only because of their consequences and not because those acts were themselves wrong? Why is that not true repentance? How can we learn to be sorry for the sins that, in a sense, we “get away with,” at least in the short term?

Share: Your friend notes that the passage we just read says the Lord caused Israel to gain favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Does this mean in the last days, or even during the time of trouble, God will cause God’s people to gain the favor from some of those who are in the world? What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: Exodus 13:17-14:12. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: How did God guide the Israelites when they left Egypt, and what happened next?

Apply: Think of the last time you faced a terrible situation. What was your first reaction: faith in God or a lack of faith? What lessons should you have learned from that situation that could help you the next time another comes (and come it will)?

Share: Your friend asks, Why do people have such a hard time believing in God even after all He has done for them? What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: Exodus 14:13-31. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: Despite their lack of faith, what did God do for the children of Israel?

Apply: In the good times, do we thank God enough for His care and protection? What can we do to keep from panicking like Israel did in this passage?

Share: Your friend asks, when trials and tribulations come, how are we supposed to know when to act and when to be still? What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: Exodus 15:1-21. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What is the content of Moses’ song?

Apply: What is the link between the Song of Moses and the song of the Lamb? See Revelation 15:1-4.

Share: Your friend asks, Why are Moses and Miriam singing after the Egyptians have been destroyed? Shouldn’t they be sad instead? What do you tell your friend?

by In Light Of The Cross

How can Psalm 91:7-8 be True While Bad Things Happen to Righteous People?

Photo by Brett Jordan on Pexels.com

Many Christians find comfort in these words from the Psalmist, but may not fully understand their meaning, 

A thousand may fall at your side, And ten thousand at your right hand; But it shall not come near you. Only with your eyes shall you look, And see the reward of the wicked. Psalm 91:7-8 NKJV

I have had people ask me why their loved one died of COVID while claiming this Bible promise. Why does God allow Christians to die in terrorist attacks? Doesn’t this Psalm say a thousand may fall or even ten thousand, but it won’t come near you?

Yes, it does, but it also goes on to say that we will only see the reward of the wicked. COVID as well as terrorist attacks are not a judgment on the wicked. There is a difference between suffering the consequences of sin and suffering the reward of the wicked, or the judgment of the wicked.

In Matthew 5:45 Jesus tells us that the rain and sunshine fall on both the good and the bad. That is all just a part of life. Well, it’s also a part of our character development. The point is that both rain and sunshine are just the consequences of living in a sinful world, but not a direct judgment. In John 9:2-3 the disciples asked if a certain man was born blind because of his own sin or his parents. For some reason, it just makes us feel better if we assure ourselves that the person suffering somehow deserved it. That way we don’t have to question the mercy and justice of God. But Jesus said the man’s blindness was not a judgment against him or his parents. We live in a sinful world where bad things just happen. Even through all of this, God’s goodness can still be seen, just like Jesus healing the blind man in John 9. 

When COVID first came on the scene someone asked me if this was the beginning of the last plagues in Revelation. I told them no. First of all, no plague describes COVID. Second, the last plagues fall on those who have the mark of the beast. See Revelation 16:2. Right now, no one has the mark of the beast, and therefore no one is currently suffering from any of the 7 last plagues of Revelation. 

Like the plagues in Exodus which fell on the Egyptians but not on any of the Israelites, the 7 last plagues only fall on the wicked. Like the plagues in Exodus, the 7 last plagues are a judgment from God on the wicked. See Revelation 16:7. I was intrigued the other day, when my father pointed out as we studied the Sabbath School lesson over the phone, that in Exodus 9:29, Moses walks out of the city before stopping the hailstorm. This meant that Moses walked through the hailstorm as he left the city, totally unscathed. This is where Psalm 91:7-8 applies. The Psalmist tells us we will not experience the reward of the wicked. While assuring us of God’s protection throughout the Psalms, the Psalmist never promises us that we will not experience any of the consequences of living in a sinful world. The Psalmist only assures us that the righteous will not experience any of the direct judgments of God on the wicked.

Just as Lot and his family were saved from the direct judgments on Sodom and Gomorrah, the righteous will be saved from the direct judgments on the wicked. Amos 3:7 tells us that God does nothing without first telling his prophets, and the direct judgments on the wicked always come with plenty of warning first. Noah preached long before the flood. Jonah warned all of Ninevah. Likewise, in Revelation 14:9-12 God has a people who will warn the world not to take the mark of the beast long before it becomes a test. 

According to Revelation 16:2, the 7 last plagues will only fall on those who have the mark of the beast. This is where the promise of Psalm 91:7-8 applies. Sure, Psalm 91 applies wherever a direct judgment from God occurs. Psalm 91:8 clearly says it is the reward of the wicked that the righteous will not experience. Meanwhile, the sunshine and rain Jesus mentioned in Matthew 5:45, which are not direct judgments on the wicked, happen to both the good and the bad as a part of life. 

You may study this week’s Sabbath School lesson here.

by In Light Of The Cross

5: Passover-Sabbath School Lesson Teaching Plan

Photo by Kaan Durmuu015f on Pexels.com

Prepared by William Earnhardt, for Sabbath School Class, August 2, 2025.

Main Theme: The Passover not only led to Israel’s freedom from Egyptian bondage but was also a shadow of our freedom from the bondage of sin.

Read in Class: Exodus 11:1-10. Ask the class to summarize this passage.

Study: What warning did God give before executing judgment upon Egypt?

Apply: If we can’t get the perfect balance (which we can’t), why is it better to err on the side of mercy instead of justice? Or is it?

Share: Your friend says that Romans 2:4 tells us it is the goodness of God that leads us to repentance. So where in all of these plagues did Pharaoh see God’s goodness, so he could be led to repentance? What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: Exodus 12:1-23. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What specific instructions does God give to Moses and Aaron before Israel leaves Egypt? What was the Lord going to do for them when the final plague came? What does all this symbolize?

Apply: What role does blood play in the celebration of this new festival? What does the fact that it took the blood of Jesus, God Himself, to atone for sin teach us about how bad sin really is?

Share: Your friend asks, why God wanted to lamb to be in the home 4 days before killing it? What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: Exodus 12:24-28. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What important point was being made here?

Apply: In what ways did retelling the story of the Passover benefit the speaker as well as the hearer? How does it help us to share sacred stories with others?

Share: What amazing sacred stories or experiences do you or your family enjoy sharing over and over again?

Read in Class: Exodus 12:29-30. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: Why did God focus on the firstborn? (See also Heb. 11:28.)

Apply: In what ways have you suffered from others’ sins? Or what are ways others have suffered from your sins? What is our only hope?

Share: You friend asks, where do we see the good news of the Gospel in all these plagues, especially the last one? What do you tell your friend?

by In Light Of The Cross

4: The Plagues-Sabbath School Lesson Teaching Plan

Photo by David McEachan on Pexels.com

Prepared by William Earnhardt, for Sabbath School class, July 26, 2025.

Main Theme: God had to send some strong persuasions for Pharaoh to let God’s people go.

Read in Class: Exodus 7:8-15, 22. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What lessons are here in this first confrontation between the God of the Hebrews and the gods of Egypt?

Apply: How can we allow the Lord to have sovereignty over any of the “gods” seeking supremacy in our lives?

Share: Your friend asks you how to make sure we do not harden our own hearts against doing God’s will and prepare yourself to make right choices. What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: Exodus 7:14-8:19. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What happened in these plagues?

Apply: Think how hard Pharaoh’s heart was. Repeated rejection of God’s prompting only made it worse. What lessons are here for each of us about the constant rejection of the Lord’s prompting?

Share: Your friend asks you why God kept hardening Pharaoh’s heart. What do you tell your friend? For a hint see Redemption in Romans.

Read in Class: Exodus 8:20-9:12. Ask the class to identify the main idea of this passage.

Study: What does this account teach about however great may be the manifestations of God’s power and glory, humanity still has freedom to reject Him?

Apply: Pharaoh’s problem wasn’t intellectual; he had enough rational evidence to make the right choice. Instead, it was a problem of his heart. What should this tell us about why we must guard our hearts?

Share: Your friend asks how do we know when something bad is happening because it is a judgment from God or if it is just a part of life? What do you tell your friend?

Read in Class: Exodus 9:13-10:29. Ask the class to summarize this passage.

Study: How successful are these plagues in getting Pharaoh to change his mind?

Apply: How can we guard against the pride Pharaoh exhibited? What portions of Scripture encourage us to be humble and teachable?

Share: Your friend says that if God just performed more modern-day miracles everyone would believe. How do we know that is not so? What do you tell your friend?

by In Light Of The Cross

Crucial Conversations With God

Photo by Arina Krasnikova on Pexels.com

Often in our conversations with others, we try to avoid conflict and complaining. We certainly don’t want to seem disrespectful. However, this should not keep us from having crucial conversations. In this week’s Sabbath School Lesson, Moses has a crucial conversation with God, where Moses makes some crucial accusations that some mortals may be afraid to make.

So Moses returned to the Lord and said, “Lord, why have You brought trouble on this people? Why is it You have sent me? For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in Your name, he has done evil to this people; neither have You delivered Your people at all.” Exodus 5:22-23 NKJV

This same Moses, who was told earlier to take off his sandals and not come too close to the burning bush because he was standing on holy ground, does not seem to have any problem here calling God out on the carpet, even accusing Him of doing nothing at all to save His people.

First, let’s address the fact that while things seemed to be getting worse and Moses could not see God working, God was working on behalf of His children. Sometimes things must get worse before they can get better. God is often working behind our backs on our behalf.

Years ago, I was a local hire Bible Worker in the Texas Conference, where I was paid by the local church rather than the conference. While I was getting several baptisms, it seemed to me that I was left out of things with the conference, and they did not seem to care. That should not have bothered me, as I was working for God, not for men, and I was a local church employee, not a conference employee. Still, it bothered me that they didn’t seem to care. Then one day, I received a letter from the conference office telling me they appreciated my work and were praying for me when they prayed for the pastors during their prayer time at the conference office. Later, as a gift, they sent a check out to all the pastors, telling them to take their wives out for dinner and a lovely evening out. Although I was not a conference employee, they sent me the same check and offer. Knowing I was single, they suggested I bring a lady friend, which I did. Just when I thought the Texas conference didn’t care, it turned out they did. They were praying for me behind my back without me even knowing about it till after the fact.

Many times, when it does not look like God is doing anything for us, He is working quite hard on our behalf, behind our backs. He has our back!

Likewise, God was working hard behind Moses’ back, even though it sure did not look like it at first. Sometimes things getting worse is a sign that something extraordinary is about to happen. You have heard the saying, “Sometimes things seem to be falling apart when they are falling into place.” That was sure true for Jacob when he had to send Benjamin to Egypt with his brothers after already losing Joseph. Poor Jacob thought everything was falling apart when, in fact, it was falling into place.

Now let’s consider Moses’ brash accusations towards God. Notice that Moses did not get struck by lightning. God understands we are only human. He expects to have crucial conversations with us. He expects us to be real with Him. Some suggest all our prayers should be nothing but praise and thanksgiving, but keep in mind that at least a third of the Psalms are lamentations, and then there is an entire book of lamentations. I think it’s called Lamentations. In Will Baron’s book, Deceived by the New Age, there is a part where Baron is deceived into thinking God wants him to give a considerable sum of money he cannot afford. Baron began cursing God and calling Him some obscene things that I will not repeat. Did God strike Baron down with lightning? No. He showed him His mercy and delivered him from the deceptions he was under.

God does not get angry with us when we are mad at Him. Being mad at Him can be a good sign because it means we at least believe He exists! And that is the difference between lamenting and just being cynical. When we lament to God, we are grieving with faith and hope. I have to believe that Moses had already seen enough of God’s goodness that even when he accused God of doing nothing at all to save them, he was meaning, “Here is your opportunity to prove me wrong, God. Go ahead and show me your glory again.”

God does not avoid crucial conversations. He invites us to have crucial conversations with Him. Is there a crucial conversation you need to have with God now? He is waiting to hear from you.